In many cases, interactions are better described in terms of decisions than in terms of interactions. The stochasticity then reflects the lack of knowledge about the precise nature of the underlying interactions. This makes the application of stochastic models more natural. Therefore, it is a priori unclear whether the standard conceptual frameworks to study. In human and social systems, the particles show at least some intelligence which in some way has to be incorporated in the description. Modeling of nonphysical systems is an enormous challenge because the relevant interactions in these systems are not the forces usually studied. Apart from purely theoretical interest, these approaches allow the calculation of several quantities that may find practical applications in traffic engineering. These are often based on variants of the asymmetric simple exclusion process. One main focus is traffic modeling, using approaches from statistical physics.
This chapter provides an overview of the present state of the art of various aspects of traffic science. The main aim of traffic engineering is on planning, designing, and implementing the transportation network and traffic control systems, in order to have smooth and efficient transportation and services. Katsuhiro Nishinari, in Stochastic Transport in Complex Systems, 2011 Publisher Summary
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